Portuondo on What Personhood Means

Laura Portuondo, University of Houston Law Center, has published What Personhood Means at 124 Mich. L. Rev. 1303(2026). Here is the abstract.

What would it mean for the Supreme Court to recognize the constitutional personhood of prenatal life? Many assume the answer is clear: a nationwide abortion ban. Professor Mary Ziegler’s new history of the prenatal personhood movement, Personhood: The New Civil War over Reproduction disrupts this assumption. Ziegler shows how antiabortion advocates, who have long agreed that prenatal life should have rights, have never agreed about what exactly those rights are or what it would look like to enforce them. By illustrating the vagueness of personhood arguments, Personhood reveals a new path to resist them: specific doctrinal analysis of what personhood entails. This Review engages in the concrete doctrinal analysis that Personhood invites. Such analysis reveals serious problems with a wide range of claims about what personhood requires. While personhood advocates assert that recognizing prenatal personhood would mandate meaningful protection of prenatal life under the Fourteenth Amendment, the reality is that contemporary Fourteenth Amendment jurisprudence extends little meaningful protection to most people. Few liberty and equality protections, that is, follow from the status of personhood. The doctrinal weakness of personhood arguments reveals a subtle unifying thread in the fractious movement history that Ziegler documents: all personhood arguments are calls for constitutional change. Contemporary personhood advocates seek to extend protections to prenatal life that are—and are likely to remain—unavailable to women, people of color, and other vulnerable Americans. Calls for prenatal personhood should thus be understood as calls to entrench a deeply unequal constitutional future.

Download the book review from SSRN at the link.