The first surviving references to unwritten law and to autonomy come from Sophocles' Antigone. Yet legal readings of the tragedy routinely focus on the conflict between natural law and legal positivism. These readings typically assume the truth of Antigone's claim that unwritten laws require her defiance of Creon's decree. Likewise, they rarely ask whether her final argument is consistent with that claim. Antigone first appeals to the unwritten law of the gods-a Higher Law superseding a human decree. But then she changes her normative approach. Accused of acting autonomously (by her own rules), she abandons the Higher Law and appeals instead to a law she has made for herself. And it appears her claim was always rooted in autonomy. Unexplored but implied by the tragedy is the danger that appeals to Higher Law in contemporary adjudication may encourage claims based in autonomy, amounting to "Higher Lawlessness.Download the article from SSRN at the link.
April 8, 2026
DeLoach on Antigone, Autonomy, and Higher Lawlessness
Andrew R. DeLoach, Trinity Law School, has published Antigone, Autonomy, and Higher Lawlessness. Here is the abstract.
Labels:
Antigone,
Law and Literature,
Sophocles
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